Bee Species Assortment

Away from 2009 to 2018, 192 bee varieties (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) had been stuck when you look at the Calanques Federal Playground thru each other net and you may bowl pitfall selections www.datingranking.net/chathour-review/. They belonged in order to half dozen household and you can 38 genera. Megachilidae is actually many species-steeped family members, followed by Apidae and you will Halictidae, having 53, forty-two, and you will 43 varieties, correspondingly. Andrena Fabricius, 1775 is actually the fresh wealthiest genus, with 33 kinds, while seven genera have been depicted by the one kinds (Stelis Panzer, 1806; Protosmia Ducke, 1900; Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898; Coelioxys Latreille, 1809; Chelostoma Latreille, 1809; Anthidiellum Cockerell, 1904; Amegilla Friese, 1897; Panurgus Panzer, 1806; Supp Desk step one [on line only] ). Making use of the jackknife step 1 and dos spiders, the bee types fullness is estimated to be anywhere between ± nine.89 and you will ± . The new seen fullness for this reason represented 71.3 so you can 79.6% of your own projected bee richness ( Dining table 2). The brand new Chao1 approach projected the fresh new observed fullness to be 76.8% of one’s potential restrict richness ( Table 2). By far the most numerous species try Apis mellifera L. (276 some body), accompanied by Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809), Rh. sticticum (Fabricius, 1787) (174 and you can 168 some one, respectively), and you may Lasioglossum transitorium (Shenck, 1868) (113 someone). In the long run, 50 kinds (26%) was in fact depicted of the singular personal (singletons).

Ecological Qualities out of Bees

Regarding your environment attributes off nesting needs, i known 59 unmarried bee types nesting above ground, ninety-five solitary bee varieties nesting underground and you can 23 cleptoparasitic varieties, add up to 29.eight, 47.nine, and you may a dozen.0% of the full bee species fullness, correspondingly. I perceived five public types (bumble bees and honey bees-2.1%). Eventually, the fresh nesting needs out-of 14 variety are nevertheless unfamiliar (7.3%- Supp Dining table step 1 [on line simply] ). Concerning your flowery eating plan out-of bee varieties, we found that 105 species (54.7%) foraged for the an array of bush kinds (we.e., generalist species, polylectic) and you will 51 varieties (26.5%) foraged on a single plant friends otherwise one/pair bush types (we.elizabeth., pro variety, oligolectic). Into leftover thirty six bee varieties (18.8%), the brand new floral diet wasn’t recognized (age.grams., to own cleptoparasitic varieties). But not, extremely generalist varieties demonstrated a desires for starters otherwise several bush group ( Supp Table 1 [online merely] ). Into the 44 singletons, fourteen bee variety (28%) was basically gurus, and you will nine bee kinds (18%) have been cleptoparasitic ( Supp Table 1 [on the internet just] ).

An IUCN position are available for 178 species (excluding the latest kinds complexes and as yet not known species). One particular, 47 kinds have been categorized as the investigation deficient (DD-twenty six.4%), 124 variety was in fact minimum alarmed (LC-69.6%), half a dozen variety was indeed near endangered (NT-3.4%; Andrena ovatula (Kirby, 1802), Colletes albomaculatus (Lucas, 1849), Dasypoda argentata Panzer, 1809, Halictus quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776), Lasioglossum prasinum (Smith, 1848), and you will L. pygmaeum (Schenck, 1853)), and one variety try experienced endangered (EN-0.6%; L. soror (Saunders, 1901)- Supp Table step 1 [on line simply] ). Three oligolectic kinds was basically among the many seven endangered bee variety. Good. ovatula and you can C. albomaculatus is professionals on Fabaceae, D. argentata are a professional on the Caprifoliaceae.

From 2009 in order to 2018, 38 types of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) was indeed stuck for the Calanques National Playground. It belonged in order to twenty-four genera ( Supp Table dos [on the web merely] ). Many numerous genera was Paragus Latreille, 1804 (33 individuals), Meliscaeva Frey, 1946 (fourteen somebody), and you can Sphaerophoria Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau Audinet-Serville in Latreille, 1828 (thirteen someone), whereas 20 types (53%) was in fact portrayed from the one individual ( Supp Table dos [on the web merely] ). The newest bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) was in fact illustrated by 20 variety, in addition to five singletons (25%) ( Supp Table step three [on the internet just] ). This new estimation of full species fullness out of hover flies and you can bee flies was anywhere between 83 and you will 97 species with the jackknife step one and dos indexes, respectively. Consequently, the seen richness depicted 59.8–69.9% of your own estimated hover travel and bee fly fullness ( Desk dos).